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| Insulin Types
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|---|---|---|---|
| Human Insulin & Insulin Analogues | onset1 | peak1 | duration1 |
| Rapid-Acting2 | |||
| Insulin lispro ["LP"] HumalogŪ | 10-15 min | 1-2 hrs | 3-5 hrs |
| Insulin aspart ["A"] NovologŪ | 10-15 min | 1-2 hrs | 3-5 hrs |
| Short-Acting | |||
| Regular ["R"] | 0.5-1 hr | 2-4 hrs | 4-8 hrs |
| Intermediate-acting | |||
| NPH ["N"] | 1-3 hrs | 4-10 hrs | 1-18 hrs |
| Lente ["L"] | 2-4 hrs | 4-12 hrs | 12-20 hrs |
| Long-Acting | |||
| Ultralente ["U"] | 6-8 hrs | none | 18-30 hrs |
| Insulin glargine ["G"]3 (LantusŪ) | 2-3 hrs | none | 24+ hrs |
| Pre-Mixed Insulins4 | |||
| 70/30 (70%N + 30% R) | 0.5-1 hr | 2-10 hrs | 10-18 hrs |
| 50/50 (50%N + 50% R) | 0.5-1 hr | 2-10 hrs | 10-18 hrs |
| Humalog Mix 75/25 (75%NPL5 + 25% lispro | 10-15 min | 1-3 hrs | 10-16 hrs |
| NovoLog Mix 70/30 (70% aspart protamine, 30% aspart) | 10-20 min | 1-4 hrs | 10-16 hrs |
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1Pharmacokinetics of insulins are influenced by dose, infection site, and patient specific factors that are not well defined. Inter-individual and intra-individual differences are frequently encountered. As a result, certain patients may experience variable onsets, peaks, and durations of insulin action. 2Must be given no more then 15 mintues before eating. Can also be given immediately after meals. 3Do not mix with any other type of insulin. 4Pre-mixed insulins provided convenience but do not allow for any flexibilty in adjusting the dose of the short/rapid-acting componet. 5NPL - Neutral Protamine Lispro (pharmacokinetics similar to NPH; available only in mixed formulation with lispro).
Source: Yale Diabetes Center Diabetes Facts + Guidelines 2005 |
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